Kobylá nad Vidnávkou, the train station
Kobylá nad Vidnavkou 124, 790 65 Kobylá nad Vidnavkou, Czech Republic
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My mom was running on the railway tracks only in her apron

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In 1938, Eliška Mišunová lived with her parents in an apartment in the train station in Kobylé nad Vidnavkou, in the border region of Javornicko. They were one of the few Czech families living in this predominantly German area. Due to the progressively rising tension in the days before the Munich crisis, her parents sent her to the interior of the country on September 17, 1938. Five days later, on September 22, the train station where her father worked was surrounded and attacked by members of the Sudeten German Freikorps, the so-called “Ordners.” “According to my dad, the train station was suddenly crowded with Germans. They were everywhere, scattered around the platforms, the concourse, in front of the building and on the sides. Only the tracks remained clear of them. My father told my mother to run away. She ran along the tracks just in a dress and an apron, without any money. She ran down the tracks towards Žulová because my dad had probably told her that she could board a train there that would evacuate the Czechs from the region of Vidnavsko and Javornicko.” Eliška Mišunová knows these dramatic moments because her father would frequently recall them. She adds that her mother had to go all the way to Žulová because the armored train evacuating the endangered Czech population from Vidnavsko was stopped by the Ordners in nearby Velká Kraš. Before her mother arrived in Žulová, she experienced moments of great fear. “On the way there, the Germans yelled and swore at her: ‘You Czech swine, they’ll kill you before you get to Žulová.’ She told me that she didn’t look right or left, she just ran to get to Žulová to the train.” Meanwhile, the Ordners shot the unarmed father in the ear and then almost beat him to death. They forced him to immediately fly the German flag at the station and to swear allegiance to it. They threatened to hang him on the cherry tree standing next to the station if he refused.

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The Sudeten German Freikorps in the Javornicko region

The Sudeten German Freikorps in the Javornicko region

In 1938, the relations between Nazi Germany and Czechoslovakia came to a head. The tensions escalated in particular in the borderlands of Czechoslovakia, predominantly inhabited by a German population. Hitler’s venomous speech on September 12, 1938, served as the trigger for a coup of the adherents of Henlein. After its suppression and the imposition of a ban on the SdP, its supporters moved to neighboring Germany, where they founded a terrorist organization called the Sudeten German Freikorps (SFK). Its members also called themselves “Ordners.” The ranks of the SFK mostly counted pro-Nazi minded men aged eighteen to fifty years. On 19 to 22 September, 1938, these paramilitary troops staged an attack on the financial department of the Javornicko region. Several members of the financial guard were killed in the assault. On 22 September, Henlein took control of the region of Javornicko, which he maintained until the signing of the Munich Agreement and the ensuing occupation of the border areas by Nazi Germany. Today, the event is commemorated by several memorials with the names of the fallen members of the financial guard in Javornicko.

Kobylá nad Vidnávkou, the train station

Available in: English | Česky

The train station in Kobylá nad Vidnávkou, (Jungfendorf in German), lies on the local railway line connecting Dolní Lipka and Bernartice. It was festively opened in on 2 July, 1896. It was used for passenger transportation as well as freight transport. The train station was an important stop on the line as multiple smaller industrial plants were located nearby. On 22 September, 1938, members of the Sudeten German Freikorps attacked the train station in Kobylá, nearly beating to death František Vaculík, a Czech who lived with his family in a flat that was situated in the building of the train station. The train station is still in operation today.

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