The Release Is Possible Only Through the Chimney

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“The arrival to Mauthausen was horrible,” says Milosalv Čeřenský of his stay in the liquidation camp. When the new prisoners left the train in Mauthausen and set out for the way to the camp, the SS members started to beat the old with the gunstocks. “We were coming up to the Mauthausen and on the left there was a huge building, it was called 'Russenlager.' It was that big because they expected to win the war and have thousands of war prisoners. That was the first time I saw the horrible conditions, the disastrous reality that was waiting for me, and yet I did not know about the stone pit and the death commandos,” he recalled. Every newcomer had to get undressed, have a shave, and shower: “They warmed you up like this and sent you back outside. It was quite good in July or August, but in winter, it was terrible. They let you stand there for an hour, two hours, or twelve hours. You were naked, standing at attention, either it was warm and the sun beat down or it was cold, rainy, or snowy; and after that they gave you bloody clothes.” The commanding officer of the camp then welcomed the newcomers with words: “The release from here is possible only through the chimney.”

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Miloslav Čeřenský

Miloslav (Míťa) Čeřenský was born on October 18, 1918, in v Pardubice where he's spent almost his entire life. He graduated from a business school. His father was a typographer, his mother a seamstress working at home. During the German occupation of Czechoslovakia, his father established contact with the paratrooper Valčík in the Veselka hotel. Miloslav joined the resistance movement through his father and functioned as an intermediary or informer. After the assassination of Heydrich in 1942, his father was one the first to be executed in Pardubice. The execution took place on June 4, 1942 in Zámeček. Miloslav (Míťa) didn't escape arrest and after a trial he was sent to the concentration camp Mauthausen. There he worked first in the stone pit and then as a typist. He spent the rest of the war in the camp. He returned to Pardubice on May 21, 1945. After the war he returned to the East Bohemian Union of the Electricians. In the fifties he worked as a tinsmith as part of the initiative "77 thousand into production", and then he became a keeper of a recreational chalet in Desná and Luční bouda. He also supervised skiing lifts. He retired in 1980.

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Mauthausen

Dostupné v: English | Česky

Komplex táborů v okolí městysu Mauthausen-Gusen v Horních Rakousích byl budován již od roku 1938 a byl určen především pro politické odpůrce nacistického režimu, kteří měli být „vyhlazeni prací“. Úmrtnost byla obrovská, podle některých zdrojů zde bylo až 320 tisíc obětí. Vězni umírali vyčerpáním při nepředstavitelně těžké práci v přilehlých kamenolomech a průmyslových podnicích. Museli například vynášet až padesátikilové kamenné bloky po neblaze proslulých mauthausenských schodech. Vězni neschopní práce byli systematicky likvidováni, od roku 1941 zde byla pravidelně používána plynová komora. Z téměř osmi tisíc Čechoslováků uvězněných v táboře polovina nepřežila. V rámci odvetných opatření po atentátu na Reinharda Heydricha bylo v Mauthausenu 24. října 1942 popraveno střelou do týlu 261 československých odbojářů a jejich rodin, včetně dětí. Další Češi byli popraveni v lednu 1943 a v únoru 1944.

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