Úboč
Úboč, Czech Republic
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Czech farmers and American soldiers

Available in: English | Česky

In May 1945, the 18-year-old Josef Jehlík had a great time. After the long war, he could finally devote himself to his motor passion and ride his motorbike, as the generous American soldiers would provide him with petrol. The liberators were enthusiastically welcomed by all inhabitants of the Úboč village. The Americans not only brought the longed-for peace, but they were also very friendly and generous, giving away chocolate to children and scarce cigarettes to the local men. However, the social life of the war heroes - celebrating the end of the fighting - soon turned out to be incompatible with the everyday duties of the villagers and their field work. Jehlík recalled: “We had some trouble with the Americans. May was a time for haymaking, so we had to get up early. But they brought a keg from the brewery in Pilsen, tapped it and wanted everyone to sit and talk with them. They had a projector, (there were very few cinemas open so soon after the war), hanged a canvass on the farmhouse, and screened films. They wanted us to sit and talk with them till the morning. But the soldiers then went to bed, whereas we had to feed the livestock. My father said: ‘If they came for Christmas, we would be happy. But they came at a time when there was so much work to be done...’”

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Josef Jehlík

Josef Jehlík

Josef Jehlík was born on 19 June 1927 in the village of Úboč in the Domažlice region. His parents had a middle-sized homestead, which he took charge of in 1950. After 1948, he faced forced collectivization. He was not allowed to have any employees. His farming machinery was confiscated and he had to comply with ever-increasing quotas for the supplies of meat, milk and corn. When he failed, he was fined. In 1953, he was sentenced to two months in prison for his failure to meet the quotas. He served a part of his sentence in the Karlov labour camp in Pilsen. In May 1953, he was released following a presidential amnesty. Shortly afterwards, he received the eviction notice. On 22 May 1953, Mr Jehlík and all members of his family, (including a ten-month-old son), were displaced from Úboč to Horní Fořt near Javorník, where he subsequently worked at a local state farm. That was also the place where his father, Josef Jehlík Sr., died. The Jehlík family returned to West Bohemia as late as in the 1960s, when it settled in the Hlohová village. Mr Jehlík worked in the neighboring town of Staňkov, at first in a brewery and later in a tile factory.

Úboč

Available in: English | Česky

The Úboč village is located close to Domažlice. In the 1950s, the forced collectivization by the local Communist Party expelled three peasant families that were sent faraway to the Jeseníky Mountains. One of the displaced peasants was Josef Jehlík. The farmer Josef Mastný was held with his wife and three adult sons for several years in prison for the possession of undeclared weapons.

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