Vykmanov I
a former Communist labour camp · 0242, 363 01 Ostrov, Czech Republic
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All was written and encrypted on cigarette papers

Available in: English | Česky

While in the Vykmanov I. camp, Antonín Husník set up cannonball connection with the free world by a happy accident. It started with the breakdown of a coal conveyor belt, which the prisoner team used for loading coal onto railway cars at the Ostrov train station. Husník had to repair the conveyor, working high above the ground. “While I was up there, a person I knew from the military, one Staff Captain Baloušek with his wife passed by with a child in a pram," he recalls. Mrs. Baloušková knew Antonín Husník from a meeting after the war and recognized him. He did not notice the family, though. When the prisoners received churns of milk later, he got unexpected mail. He remembers: “The lady in the storage slipped me a parcel. There was a message in it that said it was for Antonín Husník, and it asked that he give the lady that handed him the parcel a message about himself. So I replied.” This laid the foundation for a long-term communication channel outside the camp. The storage woman was a distant relative of Mrs. Baloušková and she facilitated the cannonball connection. Husník even came up with encryption for the messages: “I was a trained paratrooper, so I prepared everything quite well. The communication worked for more than a year and then at the Nikolai camp where we were transferred later. Everything was written on cigarette papers.” The prisoners were primarily able to contact their families this way, as Husník states, “[they] had this simple table which, when positioned over the text, made it readable. Without the table, it was just a mess of block letters.” Messages were not the only things trafficked to and from the camp. Husník was even able to get a compass and a map for a runaway, Jaroslav Ubránek.

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Antonín Husník

Antonín Husník

Antonín Husník, lieutenant-general in retirement, was born on 17th November in 1921 in Pilsen. In January 1941 he had tried to escape to France, where the Czechoslovakian units were forming, but he was caught in Hungary and returned back to Protectorate. For the escape he was sentenced in Nuremberg to three and a half years in jail. Immediately after he did his term at the end of 1943, he was arrested by Gestapo in front of the doors of the Weltheim jail, and was detained in Pankrac for several months before definitely released. After the war Husnik decided to become a professional soldier. He studied at the Military Academy in Hranice and afterwards went through a special paratrooper training. Within few days following the communist putsch in February 1948 Husnik was fired from paratrooper unit and later arrested in 1950. Several months Husnik was interrogated in the ill-known "Little House," namely by an interrogator Bohata, and finally sentenced to 13 years imprisonment on an account of an alleged treason. For the first three years he was transferred to Jachymov uranium mines area, where he was placed to so-called "Tower of Death" in a block "L" and later to labor camp Ostrov. Together with Zdenek Kovarik and Mr and Mrs Balousek Husnik established there a unique secret mail connection from the camp. Afterwards Husnik was jailed in prison Kartouzy and several years in Leopoldov, where he met his interrogator from the "Little House" Bohata. Husnik was released prematurely after eight years in prison.

Vykmanov I

Available in: English | Česky

One of the oldest camps in Jáchymov started to serve its purpose from the beginning of March 1949. Its first inhabitants were prisoners from the Plzeň-Bory prison. The prisoners in this camp did not have to work in a mine-shaft, instead they built houses in Ostrov nad Ohří, some of them even worked in the local design institute. Nowadays the Ostrov nad Ohří prison stands in the place of the former camp.

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